Reasons For Selection Of New Market For Entry Marketing Essay

Purposes behind Selection Of New Market For Entry Marketing Essay Presentation: IKEA a Swedish organization has developed itself to an enormous business association from a little mail request business. IKEA was found by Ingvar Kampard in Sweden. It has developed itself to 253 stores and 37 nations around the globe. IKEA has opened stores in United Kingdom, Hong Kong, China, Japan, and a lot additionally making IKEA a brand the world over. As indicated by Usunier (2000), the suggestions and hindrances in building up another market in the universal exchange business is lessening step by step which makes new open doors for the business for globalization. Explanations behind choice of new market for section by the Company India has become a developing exchange country for some worldwide associations for building up their business as the years progressed. In year 2009, the GDP of India remained at US$1.243 trillion which had made makes itself the eleventh biggest monetary country on the planet. In July, Reserve Bank of India has guaranteed a development of 8.5% development in the money related year (BBC news, 31 August 2010). Considering the normal development of the India from two decades it has been 5.8% (Achin Vanaik, July 2006). It has been the quickest developing economy on the planet. India has included itself in world exchanging market by making its ways for the global associations to direct business in India. Considering the universal market the way of life hindrance comes before any association leading business globally. So an ideal universal advertising methodology ought to be structured before making stride in the Indian market. Elective markets which were up-and-comers and reasons not chosen? IKEA has built up itself in all aspects of the world in Europe, North America, Middle East, Caribbean and Asia Pacific, so pursuing the set up locale markets will help IKEA just in building up its correspondence organize and not manufacture its image the world over. India is simply the area where IKEA has not set up itself and had been ignorant of the extent of the Indian market in expanding its business. Proposed advertise passage methodology, including justification The proposed advertising methodology which can be utilized by IKEA for building up in Indian market Marketing Mix (The 4Ps). Showcasing blend is considered has one of the primary apparatuses in advertising for understanding the various ideas identified with value, item, spot, and advancement (4Ps) (Armstrong and Kotler, 2006). IKEA can change its promoting system as indicated by the focused on showcase with advertising blend. Fig:1 The 4Ps of Marketing Mix Source: Armstrong and Kotler (2006) Marketing: a presentation. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. The item segment is the principal classification where IKEA would first be able to concentrate on and select what are the items which can be focused to India. Anyway IKEA offers an incredible scope of the family items which can be valuable houses. Considering the items focused by IKEA to the clients they can be given a choice of picking distinctive scope of the items inside a scope of cost and furthermore let them pick diverse shading blends for spread at low and modest cost. IKEA has consistently upheld an Earth-wide temperature boost and doesn't cover its items with all the cardboard stuff secured with engineered balls and everything, except utilizes condition well disposed items to cover them. IKEA can give free home conveyance alternative to the clients with self to do furniture and can offer help if necessary. The most significant boundary is the value which influences clients going from various economy class levels. Considering the prior realities by IKEA where it changes the cost by giving limits, EMI plot as per the interest and flexibly of the items. Along these lines by giving plans to costs to the clients it keeps the estimating strategy offset with client esteems and furthermore incorporates with different 3Ps of advertising blend. The third P of the advertising blend is Place which as per IKEA is a significant boundary as in for focusing on clients. The sub classes engaged with the Place are mode of channel, inclusion of the region for example separation among store and the clients, groupings, areas, stock, transportation and coordinations. Anyway IKEA has built up its correspondence arrange by conveying the items from providers to clients at time and cutting-edge. IKEA utilizes flatpacks play which helps in lessening the costs engaged with transportation. Opening a shop in the Indian rural areas can likewise help in lessening the costs associated with transportation of the materials from places. Advancement assumes a significant job in marking of any item and IKEA has accomplished it during its time of showcasing procedures utilized in advancing its items. Advancement does includes publicizing, deals boundaries, advertising and individual selling and other promoting procedures which can be utilized for building associations with Indian clients. IKEA includes publicizing of its items in TV, papers and hand to hand conveyance of the leaflets to individuals homes. As said before IKEA includes itself in natural concern thus has been a piece of some ecological NGOs through the world, UNICEF, and WWF simply making a positive open picture to the clients. Culture assumes a significant job in setting up another firm in worldwide nations. IKEA should take at the top of the priority list the social ideas before putting resources into India. There has been numerous writing dependent on various ideas of culture as per various writers and distributers. Terpstra David (1985) characterizes the way of life as mode for getting the hang of, sharing, convincing, arrangement of activities or images which can give some significance to the individuals from the general public. As indicated by Parker (2000), A connection between foundations, associations and the executives itself plays as a social correspondence between the groups. Ien (2005) presents a pleasant idea where he thinks ascend in the familiarity with the way of life in the general public is according to globalization specifically. Culture assumes a significant job in promoting which is likewise identified with the 4Ps of the showcasing blend while planning the advertising technique for In dian markets. Considering the possibility that IKEA will manage the Indian clients which has unmistakable societies, dialects and distinctive salary levels. In the event that we utilize a similar showcasing methods utilized in United Kingdom, China, Hong Kong we wont have the option to ensure that the advertising procedures utilized in those will assist us with prevailing in Indian markets. Cross culture showcasing will assume a significant job in building up the IKEA a brand name in Indian social exchange advertise. Usunier (2000), has expressed in his distribution that utilization of culture approach in building up the showcasing systems for worldwide nations can be helpful. Globalization does goes about as an obstruction in universal multifaceted advertising which makes section step hindrances which can be diminished during the range of period. Following in this report we will investigate the Armstrong Kotler (2006) showcasing blend (4Ps) idea with culture and structure a promoting procedure structure Indian clients. In this report we will apply the worldwide promoting system of the IKEA and keep up balance between globalization principles and Indian market understanding. Usunier (2000), the showcasing methodology for any business ought to be globalized however the advertising ideas can be custom-made by the client and culturally diverse promoting needs. The fundamental methodology of IKEA will be to draw in the same number of as clients by adaption through neighborhood markets. The accompanying area will clarify the advertising system by the IKEA in co connection to Indian culture. Item: Item is a basic piece of any Retail based business which must be as indicated by the necessities and request of neighborhood clients. The showrooms ought to be structured by the Indian style and will likewise incorporate quality and plan of the items as per the client inclination. A huge assortment of the items will be shown in the showroom extending low cost to significant expense alongside mix costs. Thinking about the Indian culture and style of cooking, 4 sorts of meat knifes and 7 kinds of spoons and forks alongside the western style of items will be shown. Considering the Indian culture which has an alternate mixes of hues remembered for it, the plan of the showroom will be shaded with various mix of hues. During Diwali (Indian celebration of lights) IKEA can bring new scope of items with less and moderate cost to the Indian market. During this celebration individuals for the most part redesign their homes and get new items to their new home. New plans and furnishings can be su ccessful in Indian markets separated from the nearby furniture stores. Anyway this progression will cost in speculation to IKEA yet will likewise help in drawing in the clients and expanding deals. For instance, IKEA sells sleeping pads in Sweden as in various sizes, for example, 70X 200 cm, 90X 200 cm, 120X 200 cm, 170X 200 cm. Be that as it may, in they can be shown as single bed, twofold bed, enormous twofold bed and so on which likewise considers the Indian culture in light of the fact that in Indian individuals accept that resting in two distinct beds makes issues seeing someone in the house as per the Indian Vastu shastra. The principle characteristic of IKEA is bundling of its items which contains a basic wrap like material used to cover the items. Be that as it may, in India individuals appears to like their item enclosed by a material with the end goal that no mileage is done to item. IKEA can utilize the low recyclable materials to make such covers which will be less expensive to the next bundling materials. By utilizing the recyclable materials IKEA will remain by its condition well disposed associations. Separating IKEA from other furniture showrooms IKEA can open in store café serving Indian cooking styles and Swedish foods to the clients. Indians love eating which will add as a benefit to IKEA. Free home conveyance and establishment charges servic

Free Essays on Courage to Exceed Ourselves

The Courage to Exceed Ourselves On the off chance that you give a kid a book however don't instruct them to peruse will the kid comprehend the story? In the event that solitary portion of an exercise is introduced to a youngster, the full picture is out of reach. There are numerous character types and a varity of good examples accessible to kids today, to pick directly from wrong is regularly troublesome. In our general public there are grown-ups who are visually impaired of reality by decision, they take just the realities that are appealing to them and structure an ordinance or conviction that isn't advocated. At that point, go along their sentiments to the youngsters in their middle as though it were truth. Most religions, governments, and families are endeavoring to accomplish, on a fundamental level, a similar objective, yet are utilizing to a wide range of approaches. This conduct can be watched all through time in any nation from day by day family life to government arrangements, laws, and in the division of strict convictions or practices. For instance: a kid destined to a Mormon family raised with substantial impact by the congregation could have handily been naturally introduced to a Catholic family and raised inside the impact of the Catholic convictions. When the Mormon youngster develops to a grown-up and remains inside their congregation, can a Catholic or some other individual of various strict convictions sincerely chastize them for observing and maintaining the measures of life they were instructed? We ingrain dread of the world outside of the recognizable into to our kids from the day they are conceived. In each individual home there is a history to gain from. Frequently those narratives are not all laid before the kid. This makes just an incomplete picture for the kid to take in esteems and settle on choices from and with this attempt to comprehend the past that tails them to what's to come. We show our youngsters not to converse with stangers, to stand firm for what they trust in, and to be careful of the obscure. At that point we push them out into the obscure and expectation they will figure out how to improve the world we have distraught... Free Essays on Courage to Exceed Ourselves Free Essays on Courage to Exceed Ourselves The Courage to Exceed Ourselves In the event that you give a youngster a book however don't instruct them to peruse will the kid comprehend the story? In the event that lone portion of an exercise is introduced to a kid, the full picture is out of reach. There are numerous character types and a varity of good examples accessible to youngsters today, to pick directly from wrong is regularly troublesome. In our general public there are grown-ups who are visually impaired of reality by decision, they take just the realities that are appealing to them and structure a standard or conviction that isn't advocated. At that point, go along their feelings to the kids in their middle as though it were truth. Most religions, governments, and families are endeavoring to accomplish, on a fundamental level, a similar objective, yet are utilizing to various methodologies. This conduct can be watched all through time in any nation from day by day family life to government strategies, laws, and in the partition of strict convictions or practices. For instance: a youngster destined to a Mormon family raised with substantial impact by the congregation could have effortlessly been naturally introduced to a Catholic family and raised inside the impact of the Catholic convictions. When the Mormon kid develops to a grown-up and remains inside their congregation, can a Catholic or some other individual of various strict convictions sincerely chastize them for adhering to and submitting to the guidelines of life they were instructed? We ingrain dread of the world outside of the natural into to our kids from the day they are conceived. In each individual home there is a history to gain from. Frequently those chronicles are not all laid before the kid. This makes just an incomplete picture for the kid to take in esteems and settle on choices from and with this attempt to comprehend the past that tails them to what's to come. We show our youngsters not to converse with stangers, to stand firm for what they put stock in, and to be wary of the obscure. At that point we push them out into the obscure and expectation they will figure out how to improve the world we have distraught...

Victoria Ann Essays (628 words) - Fiction, Divergent Trilogy

Victoria Ann Essays (628 words) - Fiction, Divergent Trilogy Victoria Ann Mrs. Howard-Kongolo English 10 HN pd. 1 February 18 , 2016 1984 Standards Focus Draft George Orwell's 1984 happens in an exceedingly controlled society wherein the administration utilizes an assortment of mechanical and advocate devices to screen and control its residents. The book shows topics in the film Divergent by the manner in which the individuals of the general public are committed to tune in to the legislature and any individual who restricts to do so are rebuffed and murdered. For instance, Winston is continually having unlawful considerations since he is one of only a handful not many that understands the Party's anomaly while every other person sees it as an ordinary everyday practice. In the film , the general public is split into groups and the legislature requires the individuals through a progression of tests to see which group their characters coordinate with the best. Divergents are the rarest types of individuals in light of the fact that their characters contain the attributes of every one of the 5 groups. The administration necessitates that every body must have a place with a specific group so they remain in their place and have no considerations of tossing hands. Oppositely, Divergents question the framework where the administration manages by , coming about them to follow up on defiant considerations. They don't care for residents questioning them on account of the explanation being that they're apprehensive about the possibility that the individuals could overrule them. Winston, for this situation, is Divergent as a result of the w ay he loathes the Party and the guidelines he should follow. He realizes that what the gathering is doing isn't right and is burnt out on having to continually do as is commonly said. In 1984, Winston discovers Julia, a lady who transforms into his sweetheart as the book advances. The two of them want to defy the administration on account of the explanation being that the two of them detest the Party. In the film, the primary character, Tris, finds Tobias is additionally Divergent and begin to look all starry eyed at. B oth Tris and Tobias battle against the administration since the two of them realize that the legislature is degenerate. The film and the book are comparable as a result of the manner in which the administration attempts to dispose of any individual who conflicts against their association of administering. The heroes wind up conflicting with the legislature. For instance, Tris discovering she has a place with the Divergents sets up on how the plot will happen just as 1984. Additionally, the legislatures motivation behind executing these groups were informed that they were for the residents own great when as a general rule, it was set up for extremis t guideline. The authority fooled the individuals into feeling that they were on the resident's side to bring down any questions or questions. They were mysterious about disposing of the dissidents, for example, Winston and Julia and the Divergents, on the grounds that there was an expanding possibility of the residents seeing the terrible things the legislature was getting individuals through and lead every other person into disobedience. They feared the possibility that the individuals could comprehend what the Divergents were stating. Another comparability Divergent and 1984 had was that the two of them utilized a similar sort of strategy to torment the individuals . In 1984, Winston is tormented in Room 101 with a rodent confine held to his face. A kind of foreboding tremor, a dread of he was not sure what, he had gone through Winston when he got his first look at the pen. (Orwell 253) The Party realized his greatest dread were rodents so they utilized them to control his musings about Big Brother . So also, in Divergent, the administration torments Tris by utilizing her mom, overwhelming her feelings and utilizing the individuals she values the most. The two of them attempted to get the individuals to accept through dread and use what they love against them.

Kripalu yoga and Amrit Desai - Free Essay Example

Amrit Desai is the original founder of Kripalu yoga, he came to the United states in 1960, he had a passion for yoga and came to Philadelphia for the college of art. Amrit Desai was inspired by his guru Swami Kripalu and he wanted to continue the teachings and practices that he had learned from him and share them with the rest of the world. While in Philadelphia, Desai taught many students around the area, he eventually left with a small group of them to go and establish a residential yoga retreat center in Sumneytown, Pennsylvania, which is also known as the first Kripalu Center (Kripalu 1). In 1974 they decided to change the name of the non profit organization, It was now called the Kripalu Yoga Fellowship, this was due to the fact that they wanted to put emphasis on propagating the teachings of Swami Kripalu through residential retreats, depth programs, and the training of Kripalu Yoga teachers (Kripalu 1). Swami Kripalu purchased another facility in Summit Station, PA, in 1975. This soon became the first full expression of the Kripalu vision for a residential yoga, health, and program center (Kripalu 1). The summit had a very inviting atmosphere containing students housing, prepared meals, group yoga instruction, and a holistic-health center that provided massages along with other services. The health center was known as the origin of healing arts, which to this day is a major part of the foundation of Kripalu yoga as a whole. Swami Kripalu didnt arrive to the U.S. until 1977 and then past away after his time at summit station. In 1983 Kripalu found its permanent home in Massachusetts. Kripalu yoga is a style of yoga that was branched from the influences of the teachings of Swami Kripalu. Swami Kripalu practiced guru-discipline yoga. His primary teachings included healthy lifestyle, self-observation, the power of Prana, service, compassion for self and others, and role of spiritual centers. Kripalus Science of Meditation teaches sit down and say a prayer, take ten deep breaths, let go of any attempt to control, meditate for at least one hour, and end with a prayer of gratitude. (Kripalu 1) The yoga style stopped being religious in 1999 and steered towards a direction of educational programs and spiritual retreats. Kripalu yoga is a style of hatha yoga. Hatha literally translates to forceful in Sanskrit. Hatha yoga is an old system that nearly every style of yoga falls under. Hatha yoga includes a combination of Asanas and Pranayamas and prepares the body for a meditative state. Kripalu has the distinction of being the first, and possibly the only, yoga center in North America to survive the transition from a traditional guru-disciple structure to a secular, all-inclusive center for yoga, health, wellness, and lifestyle change. (Kripalu 1) Nonetheless, Kripalu yoga branched from a traditional style of yoga influenced by the teachings of Swami Kripalu himself, but it has become modernized into an inclusive style of yoga that promotes healing, education, and empowerment. In 1960 Desai taught yoga classes and formed a non profit organization with nine other people called the Yoga Society of Pennsylvania to advance the philosophy and science of yoga. After a few years, the Yoga society was offering 150 yoga classes a week with a good amount of trained teachers trained by him, and made books and other educational resources for students. In early 1983 Kripalu bought its current and permanent home in Stockbridge named Shadowbrook. This was because the Kripalu community was overflowing the Sumneytown and Summit Station facilities. Because of this facility the staff was now able to offer a innovative curriculum of programs on yoga, personal growth, health, spirituality, massage and bodywork. During the 1980s, Desai became an international figure in yoga, delivering talks, performing yoga demonstrations, and leading seminars worldwide.(Kripalu). During the 80s, Amrit Desai became an international figure for yoga, having public talks, leading seminars globall y. The Kripalu community grew in size until it contained more that 350 residents. After a while in the late 1980s they put more effort to combine the teachings of yoga with science, psychology, and Western approaches for healing and self-development was . The teachings of this type of yoga was increasingly expressed by Western teachers in language that engaged with the living world. In 1990, Ashrams (different type of yoga) network expanded to include a huge number of Kripalu teachers throughout the world. The year after The Kripalu Yoga Teachers Association was made to coordinate training and professional development by certified teachers of the yoga. The 2,200 members of KYTA and the thousands of students they touch each week remain a vital part of the Kripalu mission (Kripalu). Since Desai had sexual relationships with a few female Ashram residents he resigned and now there is no official relationship with Kripalu and Desai now. Between 1996 and 2004 launched Kripalu as a globally identified yoga retreat and experiment program center. Kripalu Yoga reaches out to a wide mix of teachers from other training and traditions to expand its curriculum and grow the number of people interested in yoga, health, and personal growth. During these years Kripalu officially stopped being a religious order and got restructured. Now the non profit organization offers spiritual retreats and a wide curriculum of educational programs. Once the Board of Trustees hired a new CEO and president for Kripalu the program strengthened, relationships with top presenters were refined, attendance for the program increased by a lot, which let the organization thrive and expand. In 2009 they got a housing building called The Annex for Kripalu guests and students since they were growing so m uch. In 2012 they had two men help Kripula to imagine and build a better and deeper expression of the yoga for the modern age. Those two men were David Surrenda and Richard Faulds, who were already CEOs of their own company. Because of the direction they were taking it, Kripalu has strengthened Kripalus innovative programming offerings and curriculum development as well as the Schools of Yoga, Ayurveda, and Yoga Therapy, and the Institute of Extraordinary Living, positioning Kripalu to make an even greater impact in the world (Kripalu). As of now Kripalu is lead by Dr Barbara Vacarr and still evolving and growing. Kripalu works to make and support a compassionate, awakened and connected world. Dedicating themselves to empower people and communities to understand their full potential through the transformative wisdom and practice of yoga. Yoga as a practice is often used for physical benefits related to reducing stress and blood pressure and increasing relaxation, flexibility, strength, endurance and energy levels. Kriplau is similar to many styles of yoga and it uses the body as a way of accessing your spiritual being, emotions, and mind. It is often called the yoga of consciousness because it places an equal balance and importance on the mind, body, and spirit. The practice of Kriplau teaches the you to find help from yourself rather than relying on guidance and help from external sources, like other people. You learn to be open to what others have to offer without giving away your powers to reason, discriminate and make your own decisions. At the same time, you are also establishing an intimate and nurturing relationship with your body, (Parnell 3). Kriplau is a challenging approach to asana yoga practice which emphasizes meditation, breath, and encourages inward focus on oneself. In Kripalu yoga, the person is enc ouraged to hold poses to release emotional burdens. This is similar to asana yoga where the person is also focusing on releasing energy while holding specific poses and positions. There are three different stages involved in Kripalu yoga. The first stage, willful practice, focuses on learning the postures and exploring what your body is capable of. The second stage, willful surrender, involves holding the postures for an extended period of time, while learning how to concentrate and release unwanted emotions. The final stage, meditation and motion, focuses on meditation while moving. This is where movement from one posture to another occurs unconsciously and spontaneously (Yoga Disciplines Different Types of Yoga 3). The practice of Kripalu yoga as a whole can invoke physical healing, psychological growth, and spiritual awakening. Patanjalis eight limbs of yoga include yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana, and samadhi. These limbs are not limited to just the practice of yoga, but are tools to use in order to live a meaningful and purposeful life. Specifically, Kripalu yoga is a practice that reflects the third branch of Patanjalis eight limbs of yoga, asana. Kripalu encourages a focus on breathing and meditation. These outward practices of focus and control translate into inward focus and being spiritually aware. A kripalu class typically begins with a pranayama exercise (which are different breathing exercises), and then flows into an asana practice. The practice mostly focuses on the satya portion of yamas. Satya teaches that the individual needs to be truthful in our feelings and thoughts, and translate that truthfulness not only within ourselves, but with those around us. This aspect of yama is important to kripalu because without truthfulness, one cannot grow psychologically and be spiritually aware. Niyama is an integral part of kripalu. It focuses on self discipline and meditation which are two pillars in the practice of kripalu. One of the most important aspects of niyama in relation to kripalu yoga is tapas, which is a sense of self- discipline in order to realize our true greatness. Twisting Chair is a pose that builds heat in the legs while simultaneously pushing out the stagnation that can accumulate in the chest and lungs from excess kapha. Moving from side to side with the breath, as well as longer holds, can be beneficial. Also, headstands are when you reverse the blood flow in the body, accumulated fluid in the ankles and legs (which can be caused by too much kapha) gets the chance to move and drain. Headstand also shifts the tendency of kapha to get stuck in the same old routines, by offering a whole new perspective on the world. A distinguishing factor in the practice of kripalu yoga is that at the end of every class instead of saying namaste, the saying jai bhagwan, which essentially means the same thing (I bow to you, or thank you), but in Hindi instead of Sanskrit.

The Mtv Show, 16 And Pregnant Essay - 2072 Words

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However, this so-called â€Å"idolized network† has notRead MorePersuasive Essay On Teenage Pregnancy1271 Words   |  6 Pagessituations concocted by the shows creators. (Maasik and Solomon) Next PBS launched reality television shows, followed by MTV. Today a popular reality television show is 16 and Pregnant. It is an American reality television show that aired since 2009. This reality television show portrays the stories of high school teenage pregnant girls and the challenges that they go through. Each episode in the series shows a different teenage girl when she about halfway through her pregnancy. When the baby is about three

Analysis Of Ballade Of The Poverties And The Men Of...

The Power of Propaganda in Poetry Poets speak their minds on paper through poetry, generating a secret language that needs to be deciphered. Adrienne Rich and Percy Bysshe Shelley both create poems that do not require deciphering since both poets had a contrasting approach. In â€Å"Ballade of the Poverties† and â€Å"To the Men of England,† Rich and Shelley use poetry as a ‘social media’ that airs their concerns to the public. In â€Å"Ballade of the Poverties,† Rich concentrates on the idea that the world around her is getting abominable; everything is losing value. Rich mentions ‘Princes’ in her poem, which is to be understood as the government, politicians, and rich people in general who consume but never produce. Similarly, Shelley expresses the same complications with England as he uses poetry as a tool to create awareness to and for the Men of England. Rich and Shelley both wrote poems that are simple and comprehendible to their g eneration. The success of the poem is accredited to the techniques used to lure and persuade people of their time to issues concerning them. The Rich and Shelley use diction, rhymes, lines, and repetition to protest against the arbitrary episodes of their historical time to settle an inflexible voice and firm tone to the distant audiences. In the beginning of â€Å"To the Men of England,† Shelley beings by questioning the men of England as to why they cater to the lords of England; as he states in the first stanza: â€Å"Men of England, wherefore plough/ For the

Decisions in Hamlet free essay sample

We as people bear the onerous task of decision-making every day of our lives. Some decisions are small, and thus require little or no thinking, while others are major and require difficult pondering. On the other hand, some people choose to base their actions on whatever their heart tells them to do. They say we should â€Å"trust our gut feeling;† however, our most important decisions in life should not be made based on our inner feelings. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Hamlet must decide between avenging his father’s death by murdering his uncle, or letting his kingdom go to the grave father and rot under his uncle’s corruption. When Hamlet is confronted by his father’s ghost and encouraged to get revenge on his uncle, Hamlet assumes that the only appropriate vengeance is murder. This exemplifies Hamlet making a quick decision based solely on his inner feelings. If he had considered all the possible options for revenge, then he would not have gone down a path of destruction. We will write a custom essay sample on Decisions in Hamlet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The idea of murdering his own uncle certainly gets him contemplating, for even Hamlet knows that he cannot just trust his inner feelings. Hamlet contemplates for quite a while when his passion finally gets the better of him. Hamlet believes that killing his uncle is the only way to bring justice to his father and get rid of the corruption in the kingdom. Ultimately Hamlet gets his revenge, but for a huge price. His friends and family are killed in the process and even he takes his last breath after he kills his uncle. Hamlet could not have predicted the series of events that unfolded as a result of his plans for vengeance; however, all could have been avoided if he had carefully considered all the consequences prior to his decision-making. Sometimes our inner feelings are more biased towards what we think is best for our loved ones or ourselves. We end up taking the path that our â€Å"heart tells us to take† rather than the reasonable approach. Therefore we must carefully consider the circumstances and possible consequences of our actions and choose our actions depending on if the pros outweigh the cons. Important decisions usually mean significant consequences, therefore taking time to contemplate never hurts.

To Kill a Mockingbird Journal Two Chapters 11-20 Essays

To Kill a Mockingbird Journal Two : Chapters 11-20 By: Saima Vedachhia "Who beat you up? Tom Robinson or your father ?"( Page 251). This is what Atticus question nineteen-year-old Mayella Ewell in court on the day of the trail. In my opinion, Mayella commits a very sinful act by laying false charges against Tom Robinson. The truth was that Bob Ewell had beat and raped his own daughter, Mayella Ewell. The Ewell's are known to be a very disgraceful, lazy and no educat ed family and have almost no reputation in Maycomb. Mayella accuses Tom Robinson of beating her up, raping her and taking advantage of her. But I feel that Mayella is actually the one taking advantage of Tom since he is a person of colour. In court, Mayella is asked a series of questions by both the lawyers, but it seems that all of her answers are similar everything her father says. It almost seems that she was forced to say what her father told her to say or she would have to face the consequences . When she is asked questions about her fath er, she hesitates and looks at her father before answering the question. This is a sign of lying under oath. This can help us understand how Bob Ewell keeps Mayella under his control and makes her do whatever he wants. When Mayella is asked about the incident, she says that she had called over Tom Robinson to help her break an old dresser. Tom was a nice guy and never did anything to Ewell's but Mayella decided to blame him for her father's actions. Although Mayella tries her best not to give any hint of her father beating her, she gets trapped in one of Atticus's questions. Atticus asks Mayella if her father treats her with love and she replies "He does tollable (tolerable), cept when -" ( Page 245) and then stops. Atticus later points out that she was trying to say he is okay except when he is drunk. The words almost slipped out of Mayella's mouth, but she quickly stops herself before she gets herself into any more trouble with her father. M ayella is simply afraid of facing her father face to face and as follow blames his actions on an innocent person. Mayella had bruises on the right side of her face, which shows that someone who is left-handed is more likely to hit that side. Bob Ewell is left-handed, and Tom Robinson does not even have a left hand, in this case, it is obvious that it was Bob is the one that beat Mayella , not Tom. Mayella's statement constantly changes and this is another sign that proves that Tom didn't commit the crime. Mayella seems desperately immature for a nineteen-year-old and her whiny attitude suggest that she just wants to try to gain pity as a rape victim. Mayella Ewell is simply lying under oath because she doesn't want her father to be guilty. It is very sad and shameful that she takes advantage of an innocent person because she knows that he is unable to do anything about it because he's a man of colour. Tom did not do anything wrong to Mayella , instead, he w as trying to help her. Therefore, Mayella's actions and Atticus points prove that it was Bob Ewell who had committed the crime, not Tom Robinson. Bob Ewell is a cruelly a racist man, makes various racial comments during the trial. This makes it clear as to why he would accuse Tom of his own wrong-doings. Although Mayella being abused, lonely and unhappy is quite pitiful, we cannot overlook and cannot pardon her for her shameful charges over Tom Robinson. This makes really disappointed because in Maycomb it's mixed, but the blacks and whites don't live near each other. But they can oversee that the fact a black m an word can dishonest a white man's word.

Age Of Innocence essays

Age Of Innocence essays Age of Innocence took place in the 1870s in New York City. It starts out with the announcement of engagement of Mae Weland and Newland Archer. Each of which comes from the sturdiest part of their family. Mrs. Manson Mingoll, Maes grandmother is eager to give the wedding breakfast for the couple. Mrs. Mingoll is known by all either by marriage or by reputation. She lives in a big house near Central Park. Mae and Newland are two of the best families in New York to join in marriage. Archers mother and sister were very shy and shrank in society. They often made fun of the under class people. They also liked to make fun of Maes cousin Ellen, which Newland was quick to be on her side. Ellen was married to the Count and they had just separated. He kept her as prisoner to their marriage, which she was not happy . Newland was sure to let his mother and sister know that Ellens marriage problems with the Count were not her fault and women should have the same rights as men. Mrs.Mingoll had a formal dinner for Ellen so that family and friends could meet her, since she had been living in London with the Count. Ellen made sure to talk to Newland that night and they discussed marriage. Ellen wanted a divorce with the Count and Newland, being in the firm, wanted to help her. He advised her she should not divorce the Count because he was liable to accuse her of untrue things about Ellen that would jeopardize her social reputation with family and friends. Another reason Archer did not want her to divorce him was because Archer was becoming part of this family and divorce in a family did not look good to the community. Divorce brought shame to the family and was not accepted in their time. Ellen just wanted to leave her old life behind her and be a normal American. Archer received a letter from Ellen that she has left town to visit some friends for a while, which Archer leaves immediately and goes to see her. He t ...

Karl Heinrich Marx Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Karl Heinrich Marx - Essay Example Marx’s theories argue that all societies advance through the language of class struggle: a disagreement between the class that is in charge of controlling the society’s production (ownership class) and the lower class responsible for labor input. He called capitalism â€Å"dictatorship of the bourgeoisie† while criticizing the society’s then-current socio-economic status which the wealthy classes were running purely for their own interest (Mehring 47). He predicted a replacement of the socio-economic system with socialism system after its destruction brought about by an internal tension. In the â€Å"dictatorship of the proletariat†, the working class would govern the society under socialism. He also believed that socialism would be replaced by communism eventually, a society that is stateless and classless. Despite strongly believing in socialism and communism, Marx fought for the implementation of socialism with the argument that both the underprivileged people and the social theorist are accountable for bringing about transformation in the socio-economic form by getting rid of capitalism. Marxist concepts were adopted by various revolutionary socialist in different countries by the 20th century. This resulted in the emergence of socialist states, for example, the Soviet Union (1922) and the People Republic of China (1949). His ideas also influenced various workers’ parties and labor union all over the world. Marx is one of the most prominent figures in the history of human. However, since 1989, Marx’s influence went down after some of his predictions got nullified by the revolution of 1989 (Wheen 29). The philosophy of Marx has various interpretations both from Marxist interior and exterior movement. Some philosophers have separated the work of Marx into a â€Å"young Marx† and â€Å"mature Marx†. Other philosophers have classified Marx’s work as purely economical work, philosophical works, historical and political intervention. Therefore, Marx’s philosophy is inextricably connected to his workers’ movement historical i ntervention. An example of this is the ‘Communist Manifesto by Engels’ and the â€Å"critique of political economy†. The philosophical roots of Marxism resulted from three sources: the French republican and extremism, English political economy and the philosophy of German idealist. Even these three sources model is oversimplified as it still holds some truth. During his early career as an intellect and an activist, Marx created an ample theoretical understanding of reality in politics by radical and critical adoption of the thought categories of a German idealist from 18th and 19th century, the most significant one being the Appropriation of Aristotle’s Organicist and Essentialism by Hegel (Wheen 18). Marx analyzed four contributions that Hegel made towards people’s philosophical understanding. They include Aristotelian Essentialism and organicism, the progressing of the world through stages, the difference existing between historical (dialectical) and natural change and finally the thought that historical change is brought about by the thing contradicting itself. Marx polemic with his fellow thinkers was mostly through critique which made him popular as the first to implement critical method into social science. He criticized philosophical

A comparative study between English and Arabs' compliments on Facebook Statistics Project

A comparative study between English and Arabs' compliments on Facebook - Statistics Project Example They use the social media site in ways that differ from each other. When Arabs give compliments on Facebook, they use polite, flowery language. They will liken the beauty of a person to something that is precious and valued in the community. The English in Facebook will simply give a word like â€Å"Wow.†; followed by a comment about how a dress, for example, accentuates a person’s figure. The compliments tend to be graphic and detailed. Arabs complimenting a person in Facebook will have a mention of religion. This mention of Allah brings praise to Him as the creator of the beauty the person possesses. It is also used in a respectful manner. English speakers will tend to use the name God in a vain manner like in expressions like â€Å"Oh my God.† which doesn’t necessarily indicate that they are referring to God as the giver of that person’s beauty. When complimenting each other, Arabs are also very

Zimbabwe Taxation Essay Example for Free

Zimbabwe Taxation Essay The tax system currently enforced in Zimbabwe under the authority of the Income tax Act Chap 23. 06 with Acts like the Capital Gains Act Chap 23. 01, Finance Act Chap 23. 04 and the Excise duties Act as complimentary. The system evolved from traditional ideologies perpetuated from pre pre-colonial era up to now. The incidence of tax from a traditional perspective occurred from as far as the Rozvi State who was allowed to maintain their power and control by the Portuguese Traders which resulted in the development of the tributary system. In which tribute was to be paid in form of farm produce, animal skins, fish and various goods. Every person under the protection of the kingdom and within the chief’s jurisdiction was to pay tribute from their occupational activity. This tributary system was mainly instigated by military control and any person revoking this tradition was punished. This traditional view is reflected in the modern tax system as there are some synonymous traits which have of course been duly developed over time. The presence of the British settlers saw the tax system being inclined towards politics and social classes or race in other words. In 1894 Hut Tax was introduced and was set at 10 shillings per hut and this tax was imposed on each adult male. The tax was paid to the British South Africa company which was the agent of the colonial government in the area even though it was initially authorised by the Colonial Office in London. Hut Tax was paid in the form of money, labour, grain or livestock and the colonial Authorities in this case the British were the beneficiaries. This tax benefited the white minority as they raised money, enhanced their economy’s liquidity (cash wise, thus supporting the currency), facilitating further development of the white minority. The whole purpose of a tax system to benefit the people at large through the services provided by the government was rather defeated as the greater proportion of tax was paid by the black majority for the benefit of the white minority. Poll tax was also another type of tax introduced by the colonial authorities again aimed at the male adult. It was set at 1 pound per male adult; 10 shilling tax on each excess wife was also introduced. Administering of tax policies was mainly set to compel the African to surrender his labour power to the settler economy so as to depend on them for the money with which they could meet their tax obligation. Initially Blacks owned the most cattle, sheep, had a bigger population thus consumed more meaning more sales tax was expected to be paid. Under the bid to frustrate black expectations of prospering and to reduce the chance of them gaining economic advantage over the whites a host of other taxes were recommended by the Southern Rhodesia Native Affairs Committee (these were later approved). The recommendations were made up of a plot to: * Introduce Dog tax * Implementing the taxation of all cattle * The continuation of poll tax * Progressive taxation of polygamous wives * A marriage fee of 5 pounds was to be set to be paid by the husband with an allowable remittance of 5 shillings for every month worked for a European Employer. (African Heritage,pg 65) At face value without any need for a comprehensive analysis it is quite evident that accumulating more of anything from cattle, increase in consumption, children and even another wife meant more tax due to be paid to the colonial authorities. Cattle tax was to be paid on the cattle owned by the people and dog tax likewise had to be paid for every dog kept. Penalties were applied through acts of confistication of cattle on most cases. The Southern Rhodesian Tax Ordinance of 1918 was not very different from the tax policies which were implemented in South Africa and the United Kingdom, though the income tax rates were not very high. Deductions were allowable for the contributions that were made to the pension funds and also generous primary abatements for dependants and as well as the secondary abatements for dependants. Insurance premiums and medical expenses were also allowed as a deduction The Pay as You Earn (P. A. Y. E) system of collecting Tax income was also adopted and it mainly operated with reference to an employed person. The definition of person in this regard mainly focuses on the natural person as it is the natural person and not the Juristic (for example Companies) that earn the employment income on which P. A. Y. E will be charged. Companies were also taxed in their own capacity and were required to pay a standard rate of 7s. 3d. n the ?. Special incentives for investment and exports were also given to benefit international trade and encourage investments in the companies established in the Zimbabwean Economy. Personal tax obligations were payable by individuals on a sliding scale ranging from  £2 per annum to  £12 per annum, this range was dependant on the income Death duties were relatively low by world standards, and were payable on a sliding scale rising to a maximum of 2s. 6d. in the pound currency, which is reached on a taxable amount of approximately  £42,000. Stamp duties were set on numerous documents recording transactions between persons and on services provided at various registries. These included a transfer duty at the rate of  £1 per cent, for the first  £4,000 of the value of property transferred and  £2 per cent, on the excess over  £4,000. Customs duties were imposed in a single column tariff on the bulk of the goods that were imported into Rhodesia. The customs duties covered protective duties for Rhodesian industries and revenue duties over a wide range of consumer goods. Almost all raw materials for industry had a 0 % duty (that is they were free of duty), as were the variety of capital goods. Excise duties were imposed on all wines, spirits, beer, cigarettes, manufactured tobacco, and motor spirit produced in Rhodesia. The consumption based sales tax, was mainly levied at the retail stage, and was the buying and selling actually occurred. The tax rate charged was 8d. Some goods were exempted from tax and thus immune to tax, these include basic food stuff, raw materials for production and capital goods for use by the industry Motor vehicle tax ranged from  £12 per annum for ordinary passenger vehicles to  £72 per annum for the heaviest public service vehicle with a charge of  £144 for diesel-powered vehicles. The Motor Vehicle tax could be paid in three instalments at the beginning of each licensing term of four months. Tax was also imposed on minor duties like trading activities, betting, and television and wireless receivers. The local government of the colonial authority attested that the tax will be confined to the field rates on the property. The accumulation of the tax payable by blacks on everything and every income that accrued to them led to an uprising (among other causative factors) resulting in the Chimurenga war which ended in 1980 the year in which Rhodesia became Zimbabwe. The tax system applied by the new regime and government was not very different from the one administered in the colonial era except that it was altered to shift the benefit to the black majority at large. Taxation cannot be divorced from economic conditions and indicators and to some extent politics. The post independence period was highly characterised with many developmental projects implemented by the Zimbabwean government through provision of social services, drought reliefs, subsidies for companies owned by the government. However this government expenditure engineered a budget deficit which had a negative impact on the tax as higher taxes were now required to meet the expenditures. Tax rates in the 1980s additions The tax system evolved gradually being influenced by economic conditions that occurred like the hyper inflationary era in 2007, 2008. The evolvement of Zimbabwe’s Tax system has seen the emergence of the Department of Taxes and the Department of Customs and Excise to form the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA) in Jan 2001 but which started operating in September 2001. ZIMRA was established to enhance revenue collection and trade facilitation. (FORE 2006, pg 3) Currently, the Ministry of Finance is directly responsible for the fiscal management and thus have a direct impact on the tax system. In reference to the Constitution of Zimbabwe (Sec 102 and 201) all fees and other public revenues are paid to the Consolidated Reserve fund. The proceeds from this fund enable the government to meet its expenditure, provide services to the people. The legal framework, the administration of tax policies and the collection of taxes has been placed under the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA) in the authority of the Commissioner General. The tax system under the provisions of the Income tax Act stipulates that tax is not levied on profits as in some countries but it is levied on taxable income. Zimbabwean Tax system use a source based approach in which tax is levied from income whose source is deemed to be from Zimbabwe. Not every income of every person is taxable; income from Local Authorities or institutions like POSB, Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) is exempt from tax this is according to sec14 of the Income Tax Act. Dividends from a company incorporated in Zimbabwe are also exempt from tax. The government has implemented reactive approaches towards taxation rather than a proactive one this is seen y the Fiscalisation of cash registers in order to reduce the losses in Value added tax (VAT) Collection as VAT is the major contributor of tax revenue mainly because it is consumption based, and orrowing from principles of micro economics it can be proven that people consume whether they have income or not from the marginal propensity to consume concept . The fiscalisation of cash registers can increase the amount VAT collected from businesses as the transactions incurred can be monitored through a memory card placed in the registers which are linked to the revenue authorities. The Value Added Tax Act [Chap 23. 11] is the main authority which governs the collection of VAT Tax bands are used on individual income in countries like South Africa, Zambia and Botswana. The use of tax bands makes PAYE a progressive tax which is redistributive. This leads to the reasoning that the proportion of tax revenue from PAYE should be higher than that from the non progressive taxes such as VAT and customs duty. In Zimbabwe tax is classified under proportional tax, progressive tax, regressive tax and direct tax. Individuals’ income from employment is taxed using tax bands, while income from trade or investment has been taxed at the same rate as that for corporate tax which was a flat rate 30% in 2009 and has gone down to 25% in 2010. The tax free band for income from employment was set at US$150 a month when the economy was dollarized in 2009 and was increased marginally to US$160 a month The advent of the Inclusive Government in 2009 in the post inflationary period where the tax and revenue base were dwindling resulted in the implementation of tax reforms to revive the tax system. This was difficult especially in the collection of corporate tax as most companies were operating below capacity. Corporate tax currently charged at 25% . Since tax is highly linked to development, tax incentive to foreign companies willing to invest in the country have been made so as to alleviate development. Tax concessions under special mining licences are also given, windfall gain tax is also charged in the mining sector. The holder’s of special mining rights are charged at a lower rate of 15% and are subject to Windfall Gain Tax which is levied on the additional profits. This profit is not attributable to production but occurs when the price of a certain commodity rises above a certain level (AFRODAD 2011, pg19). This tax charge is currently set at 31. 176%. The government once made an attempt to exempt ZIMPLATS from paying tax on additional profit tax but ZIMRA never implemented this action and still went on to collect tax from it. The Income Tax Act is revised and reformed from time to time this is the responsibility of the Tax Steering Committee which was set up soon after the Inclusive Government was established. This Committee comprises of the minister of Finance Mr. T Biti, some representatives from the private sector and ZIMRA itself. The committee aims to solve the challenge faced by tax authorities in Zimbabwe of trying to broaden tax base and at the same time simplify tax collection and easing the debt burden. The Final Deduction system is also a notable development of Zimbabwe’s tax system. It is a system in which the employer is required to deduct P.  A. Y. E from the employee’s income in a way that it becomes the final tax. The final deduction system (FDS) was implemented in 2000 but it was initially introduced in 1997/98 (AFRODAD 2011, pg 18). The directive governing the deduction of P. A. Y. E under the F. D. S system is taken from the 13th schedule of the Income Tax Act. There is then no need for the employees to submit tax returns at the end of the tax year.

Graduation Speech: We Are First Nations Peoples :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

I am honored to stand and speak to you this evening. I am very proud to be a part of the first graduating class for the Gaylord Heritage school. We thank the staff at the Heritage school, the Gaylord Tribes, our families and our community. I thought about what I would say for a long time and than I remembered what my grandparents taught me about life. My grandparents and family talked to me about education. My dad told me a story about an elder who was very proud of his new toolbox filled with tools. Every day his children would ask to use the tools in his box and he said: "No, not today, I am saving these for a special occasion." As his children grew older they continued to ask for the tools but again he said: "these tools were being saved for the right occasion." Finally the children gave up asking for the tools. One day many years later, the grandfather thought that it was time to open the box of tools and use them. As he opened the box, with children and now grandchildren looking on, he saw that the tools were rusty. He picked up the wrench but it crumbled in his hands. This story symbolizes to me a lesson: of how if we don't share our knowledge -our tools - and pass that knowledge on, then we have all lost the gift in our hearts. And the tools will rust and crumble in our own hands, never to see the light of day again. So let's share all of our tools and pass them on to the next generation so they can work on our house when we get old, and maybe even pay the rent. There are prophecies from many different tribes that speak of the seventh generation. This prophecy states "from the time of the coming of the non-natives, the seventh generation will be the ones that will see the big changes that are coming. This is the seventh generation coming up, and these are the people we must teach so that they do things right this time, so they will keep in mind what they will leave for the next seven generations that will follow them. This is how we are taught to live on this earth: we should look to how our decision and actions will affect the seventh generation to come. Graduation Speech: We Are First Nations Peoples :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address I am honored to stand and speak to you this evening. I am very proud to be a part of the first graduating class for the Gaylord Heritage school. We thank the staff at the Heritage school, the Gaylord Tribes, our families and our community. I thought about what I would say for a long time and than I remembered what my grandparents taught me about life. My grandparents and family talked to me about education. My dad told me a story about an elder who was very proud of his new toolbox filled with tools. Every day his children would ask to use the tools in his box and he said: "No, not today, I am saving these for a special occasion." As his children grew older they continued to ask for the tools but again he said: "these tools were being saved for the right occasion." Finally the children gave up asking for the tools. One day many years later, the grandfather thought that it was time to open the box of tools and use them. As he opened the box, with children and now grandchildren looking on, he saw that the tools were rusty. He picked up the wrench but it crumbled in his hands. This story symbolizes to me a lesson: of how if we don't share our knowledge -our tools - and pass that knowledge on, then we have all lost the gift in our hearts. And the tools will rust and crumble in our own hands, never to see the light of day again. So let's share all of our tools and pass them on to the next generation so they can work on our house when we get old, and maybe even pay the rent. There are prophecies from many different tribes that speak of the seventh generation. This prophecy states "from the time of the coming of the non-natives, the seventh generation will be the ones that will see the big changes that are coming. This is the seventh generation coming up, and these are the people we must teach so that they do things right this time, so they will keep in mind what they will leave for the next seven generations that will follow them. This is how we are taught to live on this earth: we should look to how our decision and actions will affect the seventh generation to come.

BrownGirl Brownstones

The prose fiction Brown girl, brownstones by Paula Marshall, is a bloodcurdling with autobiographical elements, tracking the life and experiences of the main protagonist, Salina Boyce and the family and friends in her life. Marshall uses various elements and techniques in the prose, to bring about different themes, characteristics and aspects in her novel. The text is set mainly in the sass's Brooklyn, New York, at a community of brownstone houses occupied by the Baja immigrants.Though there are various perspectives of other personae in the prose, Marshall uses a third person reiterative to show the first person perspective of Salina. The story begins with Salina at ten years old and continues until she is no longer a minor. It shows the theme of identity as Salina is trying to find who she is amongst members in her family. â€Å"But they have taken no photographs†¦ † Was one of the first time Saline's loneliness can be seen in the text. She is Jealous of the fact her par ents took photographs of the family before the death of her infant brother, yet took no keepsakes of hers.Then it goes on to where Marshall is a very descriptive narrator, using a cinematic effect in her story ailing. The scenes shift continuously to suggest simultaneous action which produces a dramatic effect that helps to build conflict and suspense. She also uses devices and diction to bring about various themes and symbolic elements in her text. She uses the technique of epigraph to start each chapter, it is a type of foreshadowing, hinting of what will happen throughout the chapter. It also helps to characterize individuals in the story.Contrast is also a reoccurring technique in the text, as characters such as Sills and Tighten, Nina and Salina, have contradictory personalities. There is also introduction in the symbols and diction in the text. Words such as ‘winter' and ‘Sun', ‘darkness' and ‘light', are contradictory symbols referring to the character istics of individuals such as Saline's parents in the text. The writer involves the use of the Baja dialect as well as English, as if trying to incorporate the reader in the culture of Barbados and also add credibility and realism to the story.It suggests pride in the Baja culture. The author uses various figurative devices in the text. There is a heavy focus on the use of personification and architectural imagery. Symbolism is evident n the prose; using colors such as red to represent romance and sexual relationships; and white, and brownstones to represent upward mobility, status and unattainable goals. Land in the text is also symbolic of independence and opportunity. The use of conflict, such as; mother-daughter, husband-wife, black-white, is brought out by the symbols and conflicting elements in the prose.It shows the destruction in relationships, and accentuates climatic moments, such as when Tighten, used the money Sills stole from him, or when Silent told the whole Baja asso ciation, she'd tricked them. Marshall uses devices such as; imagery, epigraph, motif, reasoning, pathetic fallacy and biblical allusion, to show racism, identity, women in society, family, deceit, and various other themes in the prose fiction. The denouement, begins with Silent recognizing who she is and making final decisions for herself.After all her trials and lost relationships, she finally covers her identity, accepting who she has become, the trials she is yet to face and the people in her past who has made her who she is today. Especially her mother, whom she had always fought against. Rational The life of Tighten Boyce, was the subject chosen for the poem between many view Tighten as a problem in the text Brown girl, brownstones, giving him no sympathy. The poem was intended to convey sympathy for Tighten.His life in the poem is specifically intriguing as though he causes many shifts in characteristics of others in the text, his own life is not emphasized. The poem will hope fully give an explanation of the circumstances surrounding the issues of Tighten death, and his life. Mocking Jay I saw a song bird fight a bird of prey, Beautiful-ugly, he was, filled with sorrow, was she. Night and day, He sang a tune of love and wonder, She sang back of vices and plunder, I tried to save that mocking Jay, But the night stole him away.Where are you my mocking Jay? Trapped in the tomb of brown stones? Your young are calling, where are you? Won't you fight the snow away? Don't you hear the light's moans? Has she trapped him too? No longer perched on your window sills They've clipped your wings You've destroyed their prison The flock screams their Baja banter Fly away home my mocking Jay Swim home my song bird But, mocking Jay's never dive†¦ I'll send a new light your way†¦ For you to see through winter's clock†¦ To save your flock†¦ To blind your eyes†¦And save you from the dark†¦ Shattered tunes of my broken song bird Remember your pra yers Eulogy. The sad broken memory. The life you ran away. Dead like marrow staining the asphalt. Staining corals a sea away. Songs long dead, I'll sing them to you. I'll pray your tarnished soul away. Tighten, my mocking Jay. Analysis The poem â€Å"mocking Jay†, is a kind of stanza elegy, in tribute to a character in the prose text â€Å"Brown girl, Brownstones†. The poet uses the mimicking bird, mocking Jay, to represent the character Tighten in the prose text.Not only do mocking Jays have a gift in music, which was one of the professional genres Tighten attempted, but hey repeat everything sung to them in a mocking manner. Tighten, like these birds, reflects a mocking version of the negatives surround him; from using the money his wife stole from him, to purchase frivolous gifts to spite her; to changing his course of study every time he is confronted with racism or barriers. Tighten also has the dream like (surreal), and fun loving attributes common to these birds .The poem comprises of four sestets, a couplet a single line and a septet. The stanza formation, is quite symbolic. The first stanza is the first of the four sestets. At the end of each sentence in this sestets is a comma. This represents the fact that this relatively pleasant chapter in his life is not yet complete, it won't end in a ‘happy ever after'. It is as if to say that the beginning of their relationship was an unfinished dream. The second sestets ends in a question within, as if questioning the relationship, not understanding the change in the relationship and in Sills.The third sestets ends without punctuation is representative to all the times Tighten and the audience were waiting to see Sill's response to sightings behavior. The final sestets concludes with â€Å"structured-chaotic† punctuation, of when Sill's revenge unfolds it was chaotic n the circumstances of deportation, but structured in that it was her plan all along. Combining with the lack of punct uation, the couplet of stanza five signifies his never ending pain. It symbolizes that, as the lack of punctuation prevents the sentence from truly being complete, his pain and suffering will not end even in the afterlife.The single line consists of one word â€Å"Eulogy†, this refers to the speech given at a funeral or a recollection of the past doings of an individual after he is dead. This word being the shortest stanza, represents the lack of quality and memorabilia Tighten has left behind with his children. The final stanza a sestets can be tied to the biblical representation of the day God rested. The number seven represents the change that occurs after an accomplished cycle. Tighten, accomplices all he could so the last stanza represents his death the final rest he accomplished after his life cycle.The poem has a steady rhythms. Though not all stanzas have a structured rhyme scheme, the poem still flows as if it does. It is like the steady yet unusual flow of life, Jus t as the poem is a depiction of Digestion's life as was represented in the rose fiction. The first stanza contains a set of rhyming couplets, repeating the first rhyme in the last stanza (an â€Å"a, a b, b a, a† format). The last rhyme however is a forced rhyme, this is there to show that leaving the omnipresence was not something the Jay wanted, but was what was forced on him.The second stanza consists of alternate rhymes that emphasize the questioning in this stanza, that he is running alternate scenarios in his mind as to why the wife who used to love him hates him so much now. The fourth sestets has the last rhyme, â€Å"clock† and â€Å"flock†. This symbolizes hat the time he has left with his children is limited as his death is nearing. The rest of the poem is rhyming going parallel to the pores fiction as explanations are revealed in the story, the confusion and rhyming stops.The poem commences with the omnipresent narrator giving a visual imagery of the meeting between two contradicting birds. The â€Å"song bird† represents something happy, passive and peaceful, while â€Å"bird of prey† represents something sly, dominating and warlike. The story continues with oxymoron inverted syntaxes of line two, that helps to emphasize that the creatures have contradicting personae and that their union could ever last as it was based on confusion. Just as in the prose fiction, Sills thought she could turn Tighten into someone he wasn't, and failed.The diction used in the first stanza such as; â€Å"vices†, â€Å"Jay† and â€Å"Night†, aid in displaying the theme of conflict in relationships. ‘Vic's' is the Latin word for change, in reference to the context it highlights Sill's need to change her husband's persona and fight to create a life for them that he never wanted. The capitalization dif words such as Jay and Night, personify these nonhuman objects, in the case of the Jay it helps to emphasize th is Ewing a character trait of Tighten, while the Night highlights Sill's character as bright cold and heartless, but at that time seeming beautiful and peaceful.Lines three and four of the first stanza also help to concretion the theme of contradictory persons in relationships, displayed in the first stanza. Stanza two is a rhetorical question sestets, it constantly asks questions the Jay' is obviously unable to answer, and these are symbolic of the time where the relationship between Sills and Tighten was confusing. He didn't know where she stood, whether still in love with IM or hating h for the injustice she believes he did to their son, the first line emphasizes this.It follows with a reference to the brownstone house Sills spent a majority of the text fighting to obtain. The use of diction such as â€Å"prison†, â€Å"brown†, and â€Å"stones† was a slight pun as a Jay would find a house made of stones a prison, and Juxtaposed with the text, it can be said that Tighten saw the house his wife fought so much for was like a prison to him, and a symbol of his failures in his relationships and providing for his family. Line two is the first and only mention of their children in the poem.This is symbolic as it shows that not only did Tighten not spend enough time with them and focused more on himself, but he also failed as a father in that he couldn't protect them from the â€Å"snow† which is a personified symbolism of his wife. The personification of the ‘light', at the end of the stanza references all the happiness and innocence still in the family. When the persona asks about the moaning light that ‘she' has trapped it means that he was unable to prevent the happiness and life from leaving their family, this aids in uncovering the themes of failing one's family and loosing things that are important.The third stanza has the most textual allusions, the stanza opens with a pun, â€Å"window sills†. As a bird a sil l is somewhere you can rest, be at peace like a home, in this means Tighten no longer feels at home in the browns stones. Sills is also the name of his wife so it can mean that he is also no longer feeling happy in his marriage, as shown in the text queen he began going you the house form his mistress in the nights. â€Å"They've clipped your wings† line two of the stanza refers to when he almost got his arm amputated due to his indolence.This is symbolic as it is a physical representative ND slight foreshadowing of how his time was ending. The next line refers to the song they sang to him at the wedding. The ‘f†, ‘s', ‘the' and ‘b' fricative and plosive so funds of the fourth line in the third stanza, emphasizes the running and the drama happening in that scene of the text. The ‘swim home' in the last line of that stanza references the Caribbean since Islands in the Caribbean are surrounded by water. The last sestets refers to the last act ions before Digestion's death.It starts with a pun, on Digestion's childhood, as he dived for the coins white men through at him, and also an allusion to him diving to his death. The ‘new light' is symbolic for Digestion's religious period, where the movement of the new light helped him to finally discover himself, though completely swiping his personality. Winter's clock' is symbolic for Digestion's attempts at going back in time to rectify the problems mainly caused by his relationship with his wife.The couplet, single line and septet, is after his death. People have pained cries due to morning Digestion's death. The mansion of Prayers refer to his newfound beliefs and Eulogy is the speech given at a funeral. The final stanza is technically the omnipresence's eulogy for Tighten, though it shows that he s not someone people will remember with respect. It speaks of how he could have had a life if he'd made different choices. It gives an image of his death at sea, and its conne ction to his past in the Caribbean.It then shows the general sadness surrounding his death, and accentuates the theme of death in the text. The poem changes from a tone of observation, to unease, to sadness. Hopefully bringing out an overall sympathy for the persona. Though it is not a total rhyming poem, it still has a flowing rhythms that showcases the life cycle of Tighten, as shown in the text. Conclusion The text Brown girl, brownstones, is an excellent depiction of women and men in immigrant communities.Most persons generally sympathize with the women of these communities, however this poem has hopefully garnered a positive response to men in these communities, and those shown in the text. This may help persons to recognize that women were not the only ones with problems in the text. The blame for these conflicts also, should not be solely the fault of males like Tighten, in the prose, but equally shared between each individual, and characters in the prose fiction.

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